Causative Verbs

The causative verbs are used to indicate that one person causes a second person to do something for the first person. One can cause somebody to do something for him or her by paying, asking, or forcing the person. The causative verbs are have, get, make, let and help.

1. Have/Get

'Have' has even less force and authority than 'Get'. Study the following rules.

Examples:

S	HAVE	someone	simple verb
Mr. Suan	had	the students	write	the poems

 

Note: The sentence means the students wrote the poems. (active)

S	GET	someone	infinitive
Mr. Suan	got	the students	to write	the poems

Note: The sentence means the students wrote the poems. (active)

S	HAVE/GET	thing	past participle
Mr. Suan	had/got	the poems	written

 

Note: The sentence means the poems were written by them (the students).

2. MAKE

'Make' makes force. It is stronger than have/get.

Example:

S	MAKE	someone	simple verb
The policemen	made	the suspect	lie	on the ground.

 

Note: in a causative sentence, if the complement someone or thing the verb used is the simple form.

3. LET

'Let' means allow or permit. Notice the difference in grammar in the following tables.

Example:

S	LET	someone	simple verb
Jane	lets	her brother	swim	alone

4. HELP

'Help' means assist. It is usually followed by the simple form, or the infinitive.

Example:

S	HELP	someone	simple verb or infinitive
Ray	is helping	Cley	wash/ to wash	the car

Pengertian Active Voice (Kalimat Aktif) dan Passive Voice (Kalimat Pasif)

Active voice adalah kalimat yang subject-nya berbuat sesuatu atau melakukan suatu pekerjaan. Dalam bahasa indonesia ciri-ciri kalimat aktif adalah kata kerjanya selalu berawalan “me-“ dan beberapa lagi memiliki awalan “ber-“.
Rumus actve voice adalah sebagai berikut di bawah ini.
Subject + Verb + Object


Passive voice adalah  kalimat yang subject-nya tidak melakukan aksi, melainkan menerima aksi oleh agent lain baik disebutkan ataupun tidak. Dalam bahasa indonesia ciri-ciri kalimat pasif adalah kata kerjanya yang berawalan dengan “di-“ dan beberapa lagi memiliki awalan “ter-“ (tergantung pada konteks kalimat). Kalimat aktif dapat ditransformasi menjadi pasif, namun hanya transitive verb (diikuti direct object) yang dapat diberlakukan demikian.Cara memudahkan untuk membuat kalimat pasif ialah subject dipindahkan ke akhir kalimat dan object berada diawal kalimat tapi menggunakan be sebelum kata kerjanya. Ciri lain dari kalimat pasif menggunakan frase "by".
 Rumus passive voice adalah sebagai berikut di bawah ini:
Subject + To Be + Verb3 + Object



Contoh :

Tenses	ACTIVE	PASSIVE
Simple Present	Cris helps Nancy.	Nancy is helped by Cris.
Present Progressive	Cris is helping Nancy.	Nancy is being helped by Cris.
Present Perfect	Cris has helped Nancy.	Nancy has been helped by Cris.
Simple Past	Cris helped Nancy.	Nancy was helped by Cris.
Past Progressive	Cris was helping Nancy.	Nancy was being helped by Cris.
Past Perfect	Cris had helped Nancy.	Nancy had been helped by Cris.
Simple Future	Cris will help Nancy.	Nancy will be helped by Cris.
To Be Going To	Cris is going to help Nancy.	Nancy is going to be helped by Cris.
Future Perfect	Cris will have helped Nancy.	Nancy will have been helped by Cris.